1984 by George Orwell Essay Example for Free

1984 by George Orwell Essay â€Å"It was a bright cold day in April, and the clocks were striking thirteen. Winston Smith, his chin nuzzled into his breast in an effort to escape the vile wind, slipped quickly through the glass doors of Victory Mansions, though not quickly enough to prevent a swirl of gritty dust from entering along with him† . In such a way â€Å"1984† by George Orwell starts. From the very first lines the author tires to set necessary atmosphere. Actually, the main point of the book is Orwell’s idea of personal freedom and how this freedom is defined throughout the book. The author presents the existence of doublethink, ultimate power in society and government along with absence of free thought and liberty. It is necessary to admit that the book is famous author’s ability to create tension and for finding original way of expressing ideas and thoughts. The book is one of the most famous dystopias because it illustrates real life, real living conditions and opportunities. George Orwell provides descriptions of future paying special attention to human face, human predetermination and human fate fighting every person from pessimistic misanthropes to the idealistic optimists. See more: My Writing Process Essay Orwell tells a story of a solitary Winston Smith who works in the Ministry of Truth. The main idea is that everything is functioning under the pressure of totalitarian world. Smith is a member of a leading party of the state, whereas Orwell underlines that only one part exists. In such a way Orwell shows that the only party provides guidance and control of all aspects of human life including even the most intimate thoughts. Smith’s job speaks for itself –Winston is assigned to provide changes to past records to make them match party wishes. Social culture is treated as â€Å"doublethink† meaning that presence of two conflicting facts opposes party’s ideology. Every citizen should support general party philosophy enabling English Socialism to subsume the essence of different thinking and to provide full control. Winston Smith thinks about liberty and freedom of though, though he realizes that he is simply a middle-aged man having no ties. His mind is full of dangerous thoughts and inside he is willing to struggle in order to reconcile events taking place around him. Actually, he remains the only unsettled person being interested in human rights and personal dignity. He thinks people should fight for what he feels proper and right. Te concept of doublethink must be eliminated, though Winston is personally weak to be able to rebel. It is necessary to note that it is the author who wants to speak to readers via his main character. Winston is trying to warn people of what may come in near future: â€Å"For whom, it suddenly occurred to him to wonder, was he writing this story? For the future, for the unborn. His mind hovered for a moment round the doubtful date on the page, and then fetched up with a bump against the Newspeak word doublethink. either the future would resemble the present, in which case it would not listen to him: or it would be different from it, and his predicament would be meaningless? † When Smith makes an elicit contact with a fellow party worker Julia, he feels he is ready to confront. Nevertheless, the power of the book is not simply in social theory provide, but rather in detailed descriptions of thoughts of main character. The author skillfully writes about party’s claims: â€Å"But simultaneously, true to the principles of doublethink, the Party taught that proles were natural inferiors who must be kept in subjection, like animals, by the application of a few simple rules †. When the main charter is firstly introduced, he is presented a thought criminal whose story is premised on that leap. Orwell allows following Smith’s life, to share his job, his objections to instructions. Also readers have an excellent opportunity to observe his love affairs and strange romance with Julia. Main hero is outrageous with established set of order and he says Julia: â€Å"I hate purity, I hate goodness! † Speaking about strong points, the book is brilliantly written, well-structured. The author writes with a rhythm vividly expressing his ideas. Development of Winston Smith creates empathy. Possibly, the strongest moment is the last half of the book when Orwell provides answers to the questions of interest. When Smith reads a book about how the leading party remains in power, he is interested why? party provides such discriminative and unfair policy towards society. When he asks O’Brien, he is answered as bluntly as possible that power should be achieved and retained for the sake of the power. The author vividly portrays Winston’s disappointment stating that society is confronted by absolute power being confident of its own immortality and universality. He thinks of Big Brother realizing that this program is confronted because of promoting sex crimes and proliferation. Nevertheless, the weak points are present as well. Actually, the last half of the book, despite being full of sense and explanations, appears not so interesting compared with the beginning. The author continues illustrating new fascinating ideas and images, though the whole story comes to a crashing halt. Apparently, long descriptions of dry book about political theory makes readers boring and dull. When Smith appears under tortures, the author fails to create intensive atmosphere. Possibly, the book becomes too familiar and the fact that Smith fails to confront social order is disappointing. The next moment is that the society of Big Brother is too idyllically presented to support man’s resistance. However, the author improves the situation after releasing Winston. The best piece of the book is re-union of Winston and Julia. The book is relevant to modern society and political philosophy because it aims at expanding existing knowledge of totalitarian ideologies. The author sheds light on the lives of common people with no ties comparing their opportunities with that of the absolute power being practiced by party members. The author provides detailed overview of totalitarian ideology exploring its deepest corners.

Support of the Arts :: essays papers

Support of the Arts Researchers DiMaggio and Pettit (1999), report that the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA) has had trouble keeping support from the U.S. Congress. The House of Representatives has voted against the NEA, however, the Senate was still in favor of supporting it. The NEA has also been given a lot of trouble from Christian conservatives and Republicans who are highly against the NEA and working hard to end their federal support. Attitudes Toward the Arts DiMaggio and Pettit (1999) conducted a study by getting numerous people to complete different surveys, all having to do with support for the arts. The results were reported as fairly positive overall for attitudes toward art. There is a general agreement that the arts are beneficial and public funding for them is supported. However, there are significant differences between the opinions of people from differing backgrounds. Women are more supportive than men, younger people are more supportive than elder, African Americans are more supportive than whites, and people with more education or higher incomes are also more supportive than the less educated/lower income portion of the population (DiMaggio & Pettit, 1999). Overall, the researchers feel that examination conducted through surveys is very useful and necessary. From their survey results, they concluded that the arts have a respectable amount of support. James MacKenzie (1998) wrote a paper arguing that the arts are necessary for the full development of an individual and also to maintain culture. While some do feel that the arts are unnecessary, others still feel very strongly that without the arts, we as a society are basically committing ourselves to cultural suicide. The supporters of this theory believe that â€Å"the Arts are inherent to the existence of every soul† (MacKenzie, 1998). The fact that so many people believe this makes a strong argument for the support of the arts and fine arts education. That would clearly be beneficial to anyone in the field of art, whether teaching or creating. The article on DiMaggio and Pettit’s review (1999) and MacKenzie’s paper (1998), along with others included in this paper, contain findings that could be useful to argue that the arts are well supported and highly thought of. Therefore, the arts should be included in school curriculums and for after school clubs/activities. Attitudes Toward the Support of Art Education In his book, Schwartz (2000) argues that â€Å"art should be subsidized because it brings important educational benefits† (p.

A conflict of interest Essay

A conflict of interest is defined as a conflict between the professional or personal interests and needs of a health care provider and his or her professional responsibilities toward a patient or other consumer (financial gain based on a particular outcome or use of one drug rather than another). (Partners Healthcare states that â€Å"A conflict of interest is a set of circumstances that creates a risk that professional judgment or actions regarding a primary interest will be unduly influenced by a secondary interest.† Our textbook defines a conflict of interest as â€Å"when someone has multiple obligations that demand loyalty, and decisions based on these loyalties are different or in conflict† (Page 180) Partners Healthcare has an array of examples of conflicts of interest. Some being 1- â€Å"Receiving consulting fees from a company while performing clinical research on the company’s technology.† 2- â€Å"Accepting a gift from a vendor† and 3- â€Å"Participating in institutional purchasing decisions about products made by a company in which you hold stock.† — This presents a conflict that is always unacceptable. In order to minimize conflicts of interest in managed care the dual interests present in the relationships among MCOs, members and physicians has to first be acknowledged. This awareness permits avoiding or minimizing them. An ombudsman or consumer relations specialist can assist members can decrease conflicts of interest by assisting members and deal with their concerns. (Page 181) The role of a manager are expected to expectations: to focus on the welfare of those receiving care; maintain professional competence; maintain professional posture, holding paramount the interests of facility and residents; and meet the responsibilities to the public, profession, and colleagues. Managers must be aware and take steps to prevent or minimize potential or actual conflicts of interest. This could be through developing and maintaining high ethical standards in the profession, including searching out those who knowingly engage in conflicts of interest and educating those ignorant of them.

Gay Marriage Should Be Legal - 867 Words

Since gay marriage has been legalized in a handful of states, there have been more than 71,165 marriages (12 Reasons Why Marriage Equality Matters). However, there are hundreds happy couples that would like to be married all over the country. The real question is why does gay marriage matter to someone who is not gay? Does it make people question their own sexuality or go against religion? The LGBT community has rights just like everyone else, and a love that is true just an opposite-sex couples. There are 37 states out of the 50, which is over half, that gay marriage has been legalized in (Gay Marriage ProCon.org.). Gay marriage should widely be accepted by all the states and society. Homosexuals have rights just as everyone else does. To deny them these rights, it can be named unconstitutional. It is another way of discriminating on a select group of people. Some people are just not ready for a change, but this is a much needed change. Same-sex couples are basically being labeled u nworthy of the sacred ceremony of marriage. What makes them so unworthy? The fact that they are of the same gender? There is no such thing as a â€Å"traditional marriage† only being between a male and female. Marriage is a right that was given to every human, so do not deny it for some. There are many benefits that come with being married. These benefits include hospital visitation during sickness, joint filing of tax returns, family health coverage, and inheritance rights (12 Reasons Why MarriageShow MoreRelatedGay Marriage Should Be Legal1205 Words   |  5 PagesHoward Sociology 1301-93431 Gay Marriage Getting married is something that most people do when they find love, which it is an important event in their life. The GLBT (gay, lesbian, bisexual and transgender) community now get the legal right of same-sex marriage, which they have fought for throughout the years; on the other hand, some opponents of same-sex marriage have called for a constitutional change towards it. Although there were some countries that allowed gay marriage before the United StatesRead MoreGay Marriage Should Be Legal1159 Words   |  5 PagesAmendment, which puts a ban on gay marriage. This amendment entitles to equal rights to the gay community, ending toleration of discrimination in jobs, rights protecting gays from hate crimes,rights allowing advancement in government. However, the concept of gay marriage is still not considered a right the American people should extend to homosexuals. II. The vast majority of opponents believe marriage should be between one woman and one man, meaning marriage should be between members of the oppositeRead MoreGay Marriage Should Be Legal1574 Words   |  7 Pagesequal rights. Gays and lesbians are consistently denied rights that are typically taken for granted by the average American. Specifically, gay and lesbian couples are denied the right to marry even if they are outstanding citizens. They are held at an unfair disadvantage solely because of their sexual orientation. This discrimination must stop, because gay and lesbian couples are law-abiding citizens too, who should be afforded the same rights as heterosexual couples. Marriage is about love andRead MoreGay Marriage Should Be Legal1564 Words   |  7 PagesWhat is marriage? Recently, people argue with respect to the definition of marriage. What happened to marriage? To get married is a very important event for almost everyone. Especially for women, marriage and giv ing a birth could be the two biggest events of their lives. Many people believe that getting married to the one whom he or she loves is natural. However, what do you think if you cannot get married to him or her because it is socially unacceptable? 100 years ago different colored peopleRead MoreShould Gay Marriage Be Legal?778 Words   |  3 PagesShould Gay Marriage Be Legal? â€Å"†¦I now pronounce you husband and wife†¦Ã¢â‚¬  One would normally hear this when attending a wedding. In tradition marriage has been between one male and one female who love each other. But how would one feel if they heard â€Å"I now pronounce you groom and groom† or how about â€Å"†¦bride and bride...†? In the last 50 years the number of same-sex couples has increased. The on-going argument between the government and the people is â€Å"Should gay marriage be legal?† Although some sayRead MoreGay Marriage Should Be Legal1126 Words   |  5 PagesJune 26, 2015 for gay marriage to be legal in all fifty states, thirty seven out of the fifty and Washington D.C already legalized gay marriage. Many support gay marriage and many do not, with widespread values and reasons for and against it. Due to religion and rights people across the nation have differing views and opinions of it.In a five to four vote in the Supreme Court gay marriage becam e legalized in all fifty states. Shortly after that a few marriage officiators and marriage licenses peopleRead MoreGay Marriage Should Be Legal1179 Words   |  5 PagesGAY MARRIAGES Some states such as Iowa legalized gay marriage through the action of judicial interpretation based on the state’s constitutional stipulations while other states such as Vermont legalized gay marriage through legislation initiatives. These cases demonstrate the government is the sole body that can dictate the validity of whatever is to be regarded as a marriage, and in this case gay marriage. The power to validate marriage is still observed among the private citizens, religious institutionsRead MoreThe Gay Marriage Should Be Legal947 Words   |  4 PagesDefending Gay Marriage During the last few years, homosexuality has become an important issue for debate. Moreover, homosexuals have taken their case further by claiming their right to marry. Same-sex marriage, usually known as â€Å"gay marriage†, is the marriage between two people from the same biological sex (Doskow1). Since 2000, eleven countries have approved the legalization of gay marriage worldwide: Netherlands, Belgium, Spain, Canada, South Africa, Norway, Sweden, Portugal, Iceland, ArgentinaRead MoreGay Marriage Should Be Legal1480 Words   |  6 PagesNew World Dictionary defines the word married as being husband and wife, yet there are millions of gay activists who are fighting for a new meaning. They believe marriage is more than a piece of paper and a set of rings. The hope is that marriage could be defined as a â€Å"public recognition of a private commitment† or â€Å"emotional, financial, and psychological bond† between two people (Sullivan 53). Gay activists belie ve that taking away the ability to have a publicly recognized relationship or an acceptedRead MoreGay Marriage Should Be Legal1351 Words   |  6 Pageshappened for United States, gay marriage became legal in all 50 states. In most states it already was but the remaining 13 became legal this year. There are many concerns regarding gay marriage, and the effects of them involve many legislative, cultural, religious and family issues. Gay marriage is controversial because a lot of people do not approve of it, they think it is immoral, unnatural, and not what the traditional concept of â€Å"marriage† really means. Opponents of gay marriage say it is only meant